Newspapers / American Advocate (Kinston, N.C.) / Nov. 15, 1855, edition 1 / Page 1
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- Al - W .1. T V. I LV'aiiiJAW va M ALTER DJ , ditor.ana irropneior. Dulles Per annum, invariably in irJt' i will be inserted at the rate of $1,00 U liSXunos (Brevier) W less, forthefirst , 'r si" of, .-- ,-cnts for ach succeeding insertion. P1' J:.-.n. WW - x- i,.77 . marltfd with the nunr otherwise, they will be con- ,rtioi- . n , .harared charged according 13 made with yearly adver- 1 1 1 LI . " " C? Arabic . .. , . ... t higher than the foregoing rates. C-.'ur v-Jl-SJP4-'1 ccnT. f.ir Principles . ,i .Inntrine that no foi- allowed to exercise the elective resided within the United lit. state a suffi it length 01 time 10 vux . -xu 4i,0 rM-inr.inlcs. and imbued witli laintci como t'iu". .,, institutions, ana unm ttarS identified with the greatest mter- 6f TAVelSi advocate .a passage of a sh-ingent S!cml, ' 4 to prevent the immigration hither of law by ne;;;c IWer 1)ai,pm or cnmmals, and to fawflKW riefrom which they, come, al sellJ back to UG L0, classes may, m violation of idlfoi'fcBchour ports; and to require such law, Sted slates to demand from the iwleut of tac hither guch cl 'lmMte i ample sat, atiwn for SSauK proper indemnity agauist the rep- JhehaU oppose the election or appoint- ....Ji e tizen to any wu 01 a ly. Z t nndcr the Federal nolumeiit, under or State a-ov- Honor 01 - , ,,lfillt or enlistment of such cmmoifeor Y,' r fnvv of tmr; main persons in th0 foSi that the native-born aiuiUgfSeUm eS 'shSve the right to govern izens olie tinttu o immigrants from the land of their bir th , and at Qf life? abroad should bc t iustitutions, without iih.rfy. ami propen., A. .1-utr!,t on. , 4.. npnTK1!' . unvi 1 v , - .... , - Sg to participate m the enacuuu, -r, , , or SSla-dvocate and urge the adoptioa XUtfr' i'L ' 1 v it?i n Ruvoort the of such an amiy i d be-admim&. Constitution of the .JgbS to any oflice wi a nil nersons elected or appoimeu 10 3 ,ci-- -rr- Federal or of trust, honor, or emo- de .om vr.rnm'onts. as will encciujui, v Hill. v uv v - such offices aUFm.n,- foKe of 11 . Clin I I fllM; liilLA-1.) WrS States, as paramount S We shall vigorously maintain the vested rXi of all persoia, of native . or orCff birth, and sS at all times oppose theshghtest interference with Rtieb. vestedriglits. . o,... fk va ciwll onnose and protest, a.eramst all llOHllUir 11 lis Li taiur a question between over which no polit- m,r,-mmpnt.or other human power, can rigatluily exei'ck any supervision or control, at any time, in anv place, or in any form. . ... . 'EMth. We sliall oppose nil "higher law' doetrmca, hv v-ich the Constitution is to be set at nought, vio ia'ted, or disresranleil. whether by politicians, by relig ionist, or'by the adherents or followers of either, or l,v anv other class of persons. , "Ninth. We shall maintain and defend the Constitu tion as it'stauds, the Uuion as it exists, and the rights f the 'States, without diminution as guaranteed there hx: opposing at all times, and to the extent of oiir ability uik! influence, all who may, assail them, cr" ei ther of them. Tenth. And lastly, we shall use our utmost exer tions to build up an " Americafl party," whose maxim shall be : Americans sixam p.rj.E tueir Country ! PLATFOIttl AXD Vli IMIPLES. THE PLATFORM ANU PRINCIPLES OF ' THE ORGANIZATION. . I. The acknowledgement of that Almighty Be ing, uho rules over the Universe,- who presides over the Councils of nations who conducts the affaire of mejij and who, in every step by which Ave have . act . vanccd to the character of an independent nation has distinguished us bv some token of Providential agen cy. . .. II. The cultivation- and development of a senti ment j of profoundly intense American feeling; of its institutions ; of admiration for the purer days of for Xational existence; of veneration, for the hero ism that precipitated our Revolution ; arid of emula tion of the virtue, wisdom and patriotism that framed Our (loiKfitntinii. nnrl first cnn,xnP,,T7xT nnni;4 iin visiong. .-in. The maiptdinance of the union .of thes"e United States as the paramount political good; or, to use the languageof Washington, " the primary object of patriotic desire." And hence : . . 1st. Opposition to all attempts to weakeu or sutn vert it. . 'd. Uncompromising antagonism in every princi ple 01 policy that endanger it. ' .xi. I he advopar-.v of n 'rtnlti-tl t 1 ' . r j 4. - vjuwi umtTcucG yrnicii tnreatencxl its inteimty - 4th. ihe suppression of all tendencies ' to political misioii, founded ou ( geo.graphical. difcririfinations, vi uii u oeiict that there is a rea,l difference of inter- Vt . 1 V1GWS beteen the various sections of the 5.tJ; flic full recognition of the rights "of the sev eral states, as expressed and reserved in the Consti tution ; and a careful avoidance, by the General Gov ernment, of all interfence with their rights by.legis jative or executive action. :. ' i 11Q;T0belience to the Constitution of these Uni teu fetatcs, as the supreme law of the land, sacredly omigatory upon its parts.: and members ; and stead jast rcsistauce to the spiritlof innovation upon its principles, however specious the pretexts. Avowing uwi in au doubt or (Jisputed points it may only be le- o v iiiu ei-pounaeu Dy tne juaiciai pow er of the United States. . .1, And, as a corollary to the above : i. A habit of reverential obedience to the' la'ws, whether National, State, or Municipal, until they are either repealed or declared unconstitutional by the proper authority. ' - cf2; A teer sacred regard for those acts of statesmanship, which are to be contra-distinguished n'Ztf rdlnary lelSlati0Q' the fact of their 31 I x DatU-? f, Cacts an(l agreements; policy. considcrcd a fid aud settled national , .V.A radical revision and mnfllfioa; p t. tiWnt!?n',,,dthe settlement of -"--giauts. wiicnn-r 10 tne nonest immigrant who from love of liberty or tired of onnressimv sywia in the United States, n. frinrlTv ,oU;n uiJiucuon. But unnnnlifiwllv ,. ,; ,v ri "iu tai&ion to our slwres, of fellons and paupers. r n;' essential modification the Naturalization States WVislatures of the respective totl!ate.a110 Signers not nat- ofTCo3al'WvhUt retrative opetion,aU acts forefel " Tk,Dg -graats of land unnaturalized toreigners, and allowing them to vote in the Territo- thMea l r?nP tlhty to fc cofupt means by which vrL 7; Pavt? have hithert0 upon us our wi .ud our political creeds. . f- inSiDS ' an Prevalent demoraliz oFnrinlw t I ; political subserviency, and aeterlzeriheage WUdhiml4 after.e whioh char : These' on the one hand. On the other. . ui mc maxim tnat T, rr i,"- LUU man, anu not man the office" and of the rule that, the W mro 77 . fitness for offi k S?0?? of.. ascertain :v r . ; i, -. po-umiy, me laitnf the honesty ol the incumbent or candidate. apabihty, the faithfulness and CUmhP.nt. nr iuin.lUn ' I. .;.l,m.,t nf rr r-rtOUS IWertll, UUI Hiamtii c . . . ;,v. ivit rp lirir.us taith is op1i individual and his God, and i wi iiwn . ' . iim mi xwimm .n.TLft . . TT r 1 1 i- ir in 11 rint:Mii.m.iiim if ni m -i 1 ' jft 1 . 'Tfft-fr"-r t '.' t f-i -it- . - i'wi mr-r- i.n VT"t"! --g - -- i ' '" .. i;Hvi 'i I "fi Sir i At:- i :I fi; f " ... ' , - ..... .... . . ... .; . " . . ; : - " ' . .. . ." - . t -,' -. . - "-. ' : - ' - ' - ' "v " ' ' ' -I ' "" ' . . - - ; . ' '. An American Policy foran American People." - , J . .... - : V V- ' " ' . : 1 . 1 . VOL. I . VII. Resistance lo the aggressive policy and rupt tendencies of- the ' Roman. Catholic Church in our country by the advancement to all political sta tions executive, legislative, judicial or diplomatic of those only who not hold civil allegiance, directly or indirectly; to any foreign power whether civil or ecclesiastical and Tvho. are Americans by birth, edu cation and training :--thus fullfilKng the maxim, Americans -only shall govern America." The protection-of all .citizens in the legal and pro proper exercise of their civil and religious rights ahd privileges; the maintenance of the -right of every man to the full, unrestrained and peaceful eu ibyment of His'own religious opinions and worship, and a jealous resistance of all attempts by any sect; denomination or chjiirch to obtain an ascendency over any other in the State," by means of any special com bination of its members" or Jay a division of their civil allegiance with any' foreign power, potentate, or ecclesiastic. - ' . ' IX. The -reformation of Ihe charter of bur Na tional Legislature, by elevating to the dignified and responsible position, men of higher aspiration, purer morals, and more unselfish patriotism. l t . X. The restriction Of executive patronage, es pecially in . the matter of appointments to office-"'so far as it may. be permitted by the Constitution-, and consistent with, the public good. . XI. The education of . the youth of our eountry in schools provided by -the State; which schools shall be common to all, without distinction of creed or party, and free from any influence of a denominational or partizan character; - . .'. And, inasmuch as' Christianity by the" Constitutions of nearly all the States ; by the decisions of the most eminent judicial authorities ; and by the consent of the people of American, is considered an element of our political system.; mid as the Holy Bible is at once the source" "of Christianity, and the. depository and fountain of all civil and religious freedom, we op pose every attempt to exclude it from the schools thus established in the States. . -' - XIL- The American party having arisen upon the ruins and in spite of the opposition of the .Whig and Democratic parties, caniiot be hold in any maimer re sponsible for-tb.3 obnoxious acts tr violated pledges of either. And the systematic agitation of the-Slavery ciuestiou bv those parties ; having1 elevated sectional ; elevated sectional ! IttSteXS i hostility into a positive element of 1 brought our institutions into peril. come the'imperitive ifcity of the American p-.u ty-'to ' interfere, for the purpose of giving peace to the coun- try and perpetuity to the Union. And as experience ! has shown it impossible to reconcile opinions so ex- , treme as those which separate the disputants, and as j thro can-be no 'dishonor in submitting to the laws, ; the National Council lias decmal it the best guanui-! tee of common justice and of future peace, to abide by j and maintain the existing raws upon "the subject of Slavery, as a f nal and conclusive settlement 01 tluit subject, in spirit and in sutsstauce. And regarding it t!ic highest datv. to , at-oV their opinions upon a subject so important, 111 uistinct and unequivocal terms, it is hereby declared as -tlic 'sense of this. National Council, that Congress possesses no j power, under the Constitution, to legislative upon the Hibjcct of Slavery in the States where it does cr may ! exist; or. 10 exciuoe any oiaxe ieom aunnssion mto tiie t 1 rn 1 a ' - - .-i Union, because its constitution does or does not recog- 'i nize the institution ol &Iavery as a part of its social I system ; and -expressly pretermitting any expression ! 01 ouimon uijua ti.i; ui Kj-irj.ivvo iu esLiiunf-jt ur r' . 1 . . . . . . . -. ( i j .i - promou oery 111 any At-riuoi , u te uiu sense ci t.hft Nsitional ( ouncil that Consrresa . onht -not to legislate upon the subject of Slavery witiuat of Columbia, would hi a riolatibn "of the spirit and intention of the CQinpact by which the State oi Mary land ceded the District to the United States, and a breach of the National faith. . , XIII. The-policyof the governmcut-of the Uifited States, in its relation witlh foreign governments, is to exact justice from the strongest, and do justice to the weakest ; restraining, by all the power of the govern- ment, all its citizens irom lnterterence with tiie intcr7 nal concerns of nations with wliom we arc at peace. XIV. 1 his JNational Council declares that all the principles of the Order shall be henceforward every where openly avowed ; and t.aat each, member shall be at liberty to make known the existence of the Order, and the fact that lie himself is a member ; and it recommends that there can be no concealment of the jplacesof meeting of subordinate cotmcile. E. B. BARTLETT, of Ky'., President of National Convention. C. D. BEsiiiifK, of Nev Jefsey.-,- Corresponding Secretary. Jas.'M. Stephens, of Maryland ! Eecordins SecretifyTJ Irish Outrage in New York oa an American Procession A torch-light procession in New York of the '-Young Americans,' on Tuesday evening, was assailed by a numerous gajig of Irishmen, who had evidently been lying in wait f6r'he purpose, A volly of stones and brickbats was sent into the ranks many of the lights were wrenched from the Iji'ands of the torch-bearers, and extinguished while every transparency on which the ruffians could lay" their hands, was summarily de stroyed. . , i- The American flag was taken from the procession and trailed in the dirt but it was subsequently reta ken by a party of the Young Men' s American Club. . Knives and pistols were brandished by the attack ing party, and a number of persons were badly beaten in the melee. , The Irish came upon ihe Americans suddenly, filling the air with groans and hisses, inter mingled with curses for the Know Nothings. The scene, for a while, was one of the greatest con- sterhatisn. and for a moment it was feared that the scene recently exhibited in the streets of Louisville were to be re-enacted here. . The forbearance and self-restraint of the citizens in the procession, however, alone saved the city., from that calamity but nothing was left untried-on the part of their ferocious opponents to piovoke the catas trophe'. ' . '- v. - The Irish succeeded in what is thought to have been their object in making the attack they broke up and dispersed the procession. They are t. belie ved to belong, to a gang of desperadoes commonly krfbwn as the "Rirst. Avenue Bangers," This 'assassin like attack upon a peaceful body of citizens, we are assmed by different persSns who wit nessed the; scene,-was one of the most outrageous it is possible to coaceive. There was not the remotest provocation', all accounts agree, on the ,; part of. the precession, which was cpmposed of unoffending Amer ican and adopted citizens. There was rib banner m the procession bearing any inscription or device even which could possibly be construed as a reflection upon any person or party whatsoever. At Guilford Superior Court, Petor Johnson was con victed of the murder (in a drunken spree) of Bartlett. T. " imnnrl in Ttivl'r.rhflLm' coimtv. from which the case was removed. Johnson was senieiiced to be exe cuted on Monday the 3d Dec, from which he appealed to the. Supreme Court. Fayetteviue Observer. Later from Texas. Nfw Omxaxs. Oct. 20. Tvtd (Democrat) is chosen I to r.nirreRs froTn'thft FAstern District of Texas. The ' . . . return is official. ; , , .i i KINSTON, N. C THURSDAY, N O VEMBER 15, IS (EtoiLirinliBiiL Wintering Sweet Potatoes. In one of Tour papers the last season I noticed instructions to keep! sweet pota-.i toes, and though k-orj.r correspondent Avrites from Alabama, I think he omits bne very important item, imd one Ave here in his more Southern region deem indispexsible that is, to ventilate them. AVe here dig the first day after a frosts to prevent the effect of the frosf oil the vines descendiig to the rootsj which affects the taste of the potatoes and causes them to rot the next day. or even on thesame day : they are thrown into hcans. and covered v.n for the season- selecting a dry spoj; where the water will run off when it rains, and generally diggin g- a small trench around to issue it. The first thing then -to be done, is to place a pipe lor chimney, made square, say from 6 to S inches, in the centre oi the heap, with auger hplej? bored thro' the sides from the bottom to tli top. Around this pipe heap your pile jien completed to the height -of the -pipe, or within a few inches, place a few vinejs, some straw or hay on the potatoes ; then lay 011 . boards, and, then throw in the duJt sufficient ti protect them, leaving the top open to give vent to the moisture tnat cfaporates from the heap, the gating they . ccctorilv gf through; A siieltcr sufficient tti protect ' the heaps from the rains should always bje placed over them. In this way! have for twenty years always kept sweet potatoes, and never lose them ; nor do my neighbors: ever lose them, if they have been dug before; the frosts have injured them. The best ami most produc tive variety to cultivate here in.this region, 33 de-. 20 minL we find to be the large -o RED SPAXISII.- Country Gentleman. A. P. DAVIE; Froik the A". C-Standard.. ADDRESS OF HON. TIIQS. BUFFIN, jjcuveicii ucToreine otaic j-L-irecivtiirai sccietijor jonn 7 J 7 1 f .tin.. M , . . . .1 Carolina, October 18, 1855. " I . :. .r inr,';tr ilii .skprnhln nfi onr follfttv-niti- z6ns the usual ann(ial address on behalf of h the .'Agricultural Societv of North Caroli na. I heartily wish for your sakes, as well as my own, tliat it had. been allotted to some other Pon more competent to instruct or entertartif v But, though reluctantly, I have undertaken itA that I . might, if no brffential item in our political economy; but good shoulayje doi show my conccrjrj.ln the welfare of thefa'crriculturc of N. iCarolina and its kindred arts, and my zoil for their advancment and prosperity, un&er a confi dent assurance, indeed, of Ith&kind consid- eration of North Carolinians for'the imper fections of one who,- though long unused to public speaking, is sincerely desirous, in any. way he' can, of njiagnifying in North Carolinians their cajling and office, and en deavnlijt0m with their situation here. 'v . r. ; : In the' first placet is fit, that to all here thanks fbrthelrCt&ndaiice and a hearty welcomeiouldbe "tendered. . The purpo ses pf the Society and the modes of effect ing thein'-'geijerally Idrio'iiand w in vite the co-operation of all in the work. Join in our association. Let every one add what he can to the general fund of agricul tural knowledge. Enter, into ' the competi tion for improving tillage, perfecting and increasing the productions of the grains, the grasses, the vegetables, and the fruits of the earth, our animais and our imple ments of hustandry,and other manufactures; and exhibitlhere at our JFairs such things as you have. Indeed, those who bring only themselves are very welcome; tor, alter all. our men and wpfrfcn"'are our" best, produc- tons, and 'it can only raise a just pride to spo thfim e-athered together to extend ac7 or quaintance, form friendships, gain and im- part know edge, honor agriculture, and and therebyj our .lot bein. become the i more content with P- cast in North Carolina. . t Next, the Agricultural Society owes, and agricultural! community to join we ask the in makinff. acknowledgments to the Gene ral Assembly for the pecuniary aid extena- t to Society. Its useinmess depenas cmei- 1 v on its abilith to offer; Aid. pay premiums to exhibitors to such an amount as may cum ulate competition and multiply exhibitions A nroner amount oL premiums was iargei i . -i than could bo confi'dentl'y counted on at all ?nWfrnrff the fluctuating and uncertain contributions of annual subscribers and vis itors n. the Fairs: and, since our last an nual meeting, imd: Society presented to the T.-.maia.t.nTe a memorial praying sucii assi tnr ce fromithe Public Treasury as that body -L iJrv, TPnnisita to the advancement miguu u"vi i of np-riculture and manufactures among T -arn hannv to announce here, that, in com- nlinr.ee with the memorial, a permanent t I .... !. 1 Jjanirual appropriation of SliSOO'was .made for the payment of premiums, subject; only to the reasonable and politic pro viso that within the preceding twelve months, the Societv shall have raised the like sum for the same uses. The appropriation, f not not fully adequate to the wants and claims of a people as agricultural as those of !!orth Carolina, is yet of giat benefit iii many respects, and chiefly as permanently estab lishing the Society and Fairs, since it can not be supposed thathe farmers and nie- chanics and traders of the State have so dead to their duty and interest as hearts to let them tail tor want of contributions oh their part to an equal amount; The present is the first occasion, since9the grant, on which the Society .has had the opportunity of, ac knowedging this legislative bounty, .nd we take much pride and pleasure in doing so: Now, it may be asked: Is the agriculture ,pf Ndrth Carolina worthy of this public patronage, and of the-efforts of some of her citizens to promote and improve it? I an swer, Yes yes. North Carolina : s enti tled to all that everyone of hef people1 can do to promote her prosperity and elevate her character; and her Sons will bd amply remunerated for their efforts for her advan-J tage and their own; Our occupations are essentially agricultural, and embrace all its vn vwvtv nf tiiirsnits' Tilnntinri" fovinrnri' li-roorl. ing live stock, and the culture of fruits. Until "very recently they were almost - ex clusively agricultural, ai-Mlthere were natu ral obstacle to foreign commerce, difficult to overcome, and but few mantifacturing establishments among us. In boih these respccts pr&gress has bebn made and is niak ing; and there is good ground of hope; that uuiuiu. iuiig. uuuts vi ur own merciiant- men w ill sail from our shbres, richly laden with our ;Tv',"':'ions forfsale or dxchanp-e in the pori "-ter States and foeeign ioricsof varioiis kinds, Vdifferent parts of the countries' now estali btate, will ied beyond any pres- ent calculi be made, not only for the fs plemcuts csst useful pthejsinetals, but lor our ,OT ICS .OUt 01 the j grea-towrrcx--Tr have become indispe, e. Manutactures .-' - aro' already, withpfit doubi, materpal helps to agriculture byjaiversifying employments, increasingjlieconsumption at home of our crops anfistdck, and supplying 011 the spot and without delay many articles n cedfull to the planter and farmer: In time they will become a Cjc 'distinct, productive and in- never, l thinK, as tne .rival or loe oi our a?:- riculturGj but as a faithful friend and ,,ger vant. As yet, however, the cultivation of the earth is the great and produc tive busi ness of North Carolina. It has made us hitherto a thriving and happy rur ll people. We are still so; and it will make us still more' so ' as it becomes improved and more productive. "Why should hot the agricul ture, of North Carolina be as improvable and improved, and her sons, engaged in it, as prosperous and happy as "those of any other ' parts' of our country? Noj reason of weight can be given in the negative, n we will but strive for improvement. Every thing is in our favor, if we will make the effort and use7 the proper means; and of that every one may be satisfied if he will ob serve and reflect oh what is around him. The, profits and the Comforts of agricul ture depend mainly on climate,, soil, labor, and the facilities for disposing of sm-pluses of pto'duction.. The first two, climate and soil, should be. congenial to products requi site for the sustenance of the husbandman himself, and in demand for o therms who can not produce for themselves. In botli points North Carolinia is highly blessed. In her position on the globe, she. occupies that tem- perate and happy means, wliien.i.s conducive to health and the vigorous exertion of the faculties and energies of body and mind " in employments tending- mo re than all .others" to the hospatalities and charities of life and the other virtues of the heart, and wnicn constitutes a climate, that, m unison with her fertile soil, yields abundantly to thdijj- a-ent teller nearly all the necessaries and many oi tne luxuries requiieuj uy u..- We do not work barely to maintain life; but. beyond that, to realize gains that may be employed in the addition oi oiner xuuiga productive of the elevation and refinements civilized man. Our .winters by their dura tion and rigor, da not long confine us with in doors, nor cause us to consume the pro ductions of our labor during the1 other parts of the year; but we are able ;to prosecute our field operations and comforWnrBue our productive employments throughout the tour seasons. Though not of such extent of latitude as thereby to create mucn van- ty of Climate, and conseaPFO- duclion; yet, the dimensions w olina eas't and west supply that deficiency The proximity toJ in a remarkable degree 9 NO; 23. the ocean of hes eastern coast, and the difference in Ihe elevation between that and the mountains of - the west, wilh the gradations in the intermeditte regions, produces a diversity of general climate which gives to North Carolina in herself, the advantages of many countries conjointly! By nature, too) her soil was as diversified and as excellent as her Climate. The rich alluvial of the east, the extended and extreme! j fer tile Tallies of the many long streams the Roanoke, the Tar, the Neuse, the Cape Fear, ths Tadkin and Pedee, the Catawba, and other rivers, which appear upon our map, besides those of smaller streams almost numberless, all, at a moderate expense of care and lii- bor, return large yields of nearly every grain and other production fit for food, Rice, baize, wheat, rye, bar ley, oats, the pea; the. potatoe of .each kind, ' besides an endless varity of other sorts, vegetables, and fruits are found abaudantly therein; while higher up-the country, m -addition, the grasses grow' s readily and luxuriantly as to afford, not little plots on" the moist bottoms of brooks, but extensive gastures. and mag nificent meadows to the mountain tops'. . Then there are the great articles of cotton and .tobacco, s'o ex tensively used and in such great audr increasing de mand to one or the other of which tne greater nart of the State is eminently suiter; j6t fruits, melons. of every kind and of the best qualities, apples, peach es, pears, cherries nectarines, and apricotsJlourish al. most everywhere, as do also the smaller, but most val uable kinds, athe strawberry, the raspbery, currants. but above all; our native grapes, .the sweet and pro lific Suppertiong and the rich Catawba, which ma ture well, besides some of foreign origia: ihen to these are added the fish, with -which' our eastern wai ters abound through the yeaYj-but are. alive in the spring our naval stores and lumber, pur marls, our minerals, gold, silver, copper, and especially the' ex- teifeive aud rich deposites of iron ore, and the coals, One may confidently ask; tKereany other country waich contains or produces more or a greater diver sity of things to sustain life or to bring money?- And then let me inquire of you, North Carolinians, wThat better country do you went than your own hold it is good enough tod good, I am tempted to say, ior siniui men. it requires only to bedressed , and tilled to give nearly all we want on earth; and much fprour fellow mln les3 happily situate." There may-at. some time be a - stint below oiir usual abun dance; but wll, heed never fear, d famine he while we work; Inell, thafs calamity can hardly befall Country where maizewhich we call Indian corn grows. to perfection. 'There Is no record of a death approaching faminewliere , the principal ' crop was maize, as it is here. Our climate and soil areocon- genial to other cereajrn!''14 crop from an-npropitiflu3 season is uflaecessarfly perceived rhftime te provipe the others, or sonie of them, as a stltute. . ?v ; "Sucb. is'Norfli Carolina! Here she is, and let any 1855; . 'i"ijk-ril'"ii myjjTtbx can, whether shebe not in every tiling I (U 31X1 LLGbO UT MXJLl - UC1U UU 111111. ' 1 1 UTi 1 . YV 1 1 V as she fcas'now" been Leld rtip to "him. j Then, why should any leave her? I trust the period of her peo ple's' deserting her and seeking what they never found a better place, is near its end, and that they will cleave to her and exalt her, by uniting in an ef fort to render her, by incfaased fertility, yet more teeming in her productions, and to embelish her with durable and' tasteful habitations, gardens and lawns, with substantial farm houses; with orchards and every other, thing that can make her beautiful in our eyes and fasten our affections upon her. True, the soil is not what it once was, and our task is Not merely to preserve fertility, but in a great degree to restore that which hM been more or less exhausted. We must not blame our ancestors too hastily or too severely, for -the system under which the rich vegetable loam they "found here was so i used up. The labors and hardships of settling a wild country leave but little opportunity for more than preparing for cultivation and cf oppirig such parts of the land as are absolutely necessary for maintaining the colony. Land was plenty timbnr an incumbrance, and ldbor scarce and "costly; so that, in reality, it was cheaper, and .the sounder econom'y in them to bring new fields with their exceeding superficial fertility into culture rather than manure those tfhich they had reduced by imper fect tillage and scourging croprig.' . Throughout America the land suffered by the exhausting opera rations of the settlers and their descendants for seve- ral generations; but that can only go a certain extent! and ..then., it must, stop;, j When getting to. be so re duced as not to pay for cultivation, necessity forbids a further reduction of the soil, and the process of re generation begins. ' At first it proceeds slowly; but every degree of improvement .... furnishes means for still greater, and accordingly it increases its pace, aud by improved culture, manures, rotation of ci;ops, and the like, it ends in a productiveness beyond its original copacity. If not to the lowest,' certainly to a very low: condi tion, much of the land in the State had been brought; and the time came, when, if improvement was ever to be madeit would be commenced. I use the ex pression, "the time came" instead, of "has come," be cause it is a joyful fact, that some" pefspns in vajioiS parts of the State, inany in some parts, have improv ed, -and continue to'improve their lands and increase their crops profiting f much therefrom in theu r tunes, and setting the rest of us examples ', .by which we ought also & profit. , We have all heard -for some years past, that the era' of improvement had begun in the great and wealth county of Edgecombe; arid I learn from,nnqtiQaatte.8ou the ifltelligeirt and, enterprising planters of that county have been rewiurdedVb signal success. . : I do not propose to en ter into a detail or", their system further than to say, that it consKts -ehiefly in draining by ditches and em bankments; making-and applying composts, the use of guano, and plaster of Paris, and the ' field-pea as an ameliorating crop, as well as food fof stock. I advise every one, however, wko has the opportunity, by min ute inquries, to obtain' from those who have put this system into use, detailed ..information respecting it ; aud I feel no hesitation in preferring a request to the planters of Edgewmibe, as rublic-spirited gentlemen, to communicate through our agricultural periodicals, the history of. their- improvements, and their experi mentsas well those in which thpy failed as those in which ; they isucjpded, with all other matters which may - be useful to their brethren in other sections. " In other parta 'of the country, with which I am more irrBnjafely actjuainted, much improvement has been inade," in my knowledge. Of the counties .rang ing along our northern border, from Warren to Stokes, inclusive, I have had for about fifty years consideable knowledge. That was the principal region of the THE XATT OF NEWSPAPERS. 1. Subscribers; who do not rive ttxpress notice to the ontrary are considered wishiner ito continue their sub scription ' i , - i " ' ' Z. If the subscribers ordftr th Alamniirmtmce of theii papers, the publishers may continue to send them, till amasu cn&rges are paid. . ... . .... 3. If SUbscrlDers neglect or refuse! to take their pa." pers from the office to which they are directed, theyare held responsible Xmtill they -have settled their bill, and ordered their 'paper discontinued I : flwL0111" Pees without in? former direction, they fre held responsible. 5. The courts have decided that refusing to take a paper or periodical from the office, or removing abd pavmg.it uncalled fori is "nrima fnw i intentional frauds f I tobacco' culture, wherever it prevailed in our -early annals, the country was. cut down rapidly, cropped mercilessly with a view to', quantity rather, than quaJ, ty, then put into corn, and exhausted quickly and al most entirely. When; I first knew it, and for a long time afterwards the i;Wrjs abounding evidences of for-. r t j -;'' . - oru anu toDacco ana oats were almost the only crops. isui uiue w-neat apd. HQ cultivated grasses were to be seen in the cpuntry. Warren and Granville bought thg little flour they usod from Orange wagons. Large. ' tracts were disfigured; by galls a frightful trullies,. turned out as "old fields" with briUm st xo on1 field pities for their onlv. iestiire . insten nf tnnir- stately primitive foresfs or rich crops for the use of man. This 1s a sad pjcture, . But it is a true one: and there, was more fact than figure in the saying by many, whose work of 'destruction rendered that re gion so desolate, and hothcn abandoned it, that it: was "old andivprn out."j Happily, so thought its. condition not so hopeless, and, Cherishing their at tachment for. the spots, of . their nativity, within these. tew years since the time of river navigation and; railroads begarv-rset about rcpairipg.the ravages of uic-uajra. fj-o you suppose, mey were content with. less crops, and therefore they cultivated less laud than- uciure, icavmg a laFger area to natural recovery by rest?. That was not tiieir course, .They did not give ...ffitobjicgp, but greatly increased it, andrn also and the added to.their rotation, wheat, when so much mo easjly aiid cheaply carried to mar ket. .BuMhey greatly increased the collection and. application pf manures from thelstables, and the cat-.' tie yards, tvith cbhsidarMble additions of the trated manures obtained from abroad, and protected the land from washing: by judipious hill-side trenching and more thorough, plpwmg.. The result has beeni that many oM fields have been reclaimed and brought- cultivation, the lands o-enefallv mnrh in fertility, and of - course in actual and market value, in the like proportion; while the production has pro bably, doubled in quantity and value in all the ranged of counties mentioned. Such examples aro honora ble to those who set them, and ascful to others, who desira to;- improve For that reason I have thought, it proper thus fo signalize them, as I would gladly do". pthers, which piay, and I hope do exist, were I as well aware pf them; contenting . myself with adding;; only, that I think I see the dawn of a better - day in. the county of my own residence and those contiguous.: For our prdsent purpose, it is sufficient that we can . hence learn that the effects of .the most injudicious; and destructive cropping may bej repaired by good usbandry, in the use of fertilizers saved on the farm . oiiu-uiici-s, muu are uuuuimiiiog ueuer, jsnown ana., more attaioatleTthan; formerly; and thus all the out A l.:t ! 1 ' ; v.ii l i lay will be. more than reimbursed at $ short day by. the increase of prpducts, besides enhancing the value, . i i-i. - mi.. !r Mt i- . -l i oi reai estate, x uus win agricuiiure De renaerea as: ..... . t . pleasing and as profitable as that of the most favored poTTipri3T)r tne eann. j . . . ... Then let me say ohce more to , you, men of North . Carolina, stick to;heif , and make her what she can be ' and ought to be. j For ' you' and your sons she will yield a rich harvest: to some " thirty fold, some sixty fold; and some' an hundred foM,"" according, to thej skill and dilligeric with which the tillage 6i the good ground is done. The nature of the labor employed in our agricul- ture is the next sub; ect ior our consideration, it is ement in the cost, amount, and, I very frankly avow the qpin- a most important el value of production IV Ll LUU.L UU1 UiUL(Al IttUUl Ul llC niilip UICU yjl CiUIU t pean origin and of slaves of the African race;, is aS well adapted to the public and private ends of our agriculture as any; other could bei making our culti-. vation not less thorough, cheap and productive than : ii, e r t. it. wniilrl hrt if rsirried on bv Ithe whites alone'. "and far more sp than the blacks by themselves would make, it; and, therefore, that it has a beneficial influence on. the prosperity of j the country, and the. physical and moral state of both' races, rendsfjng both . better and . happier than; either would be here without the other.) Of cpurse, I am npt about entering into that contro- i-nra-n mini nit Yiao Artn'tiMpd.ifAPlF With thfi contentions of sectional .factions, struggling for political power. . It is unnecessary tha jt should; for every one is aware, I believe, of the nature of .the controversy and the . motives of the parties to ft. It is one of the conser vative effects of slavery to impress on us: a deep con-' viction of the mestimable value of the Union, and a . profound reverence for the Constitution -which) crea- ted it; and hence we habitually cherish a good feel ing, as of brethren,:' towards our fellow-citizens of every State, and any deed or word tendipg to impair the perpetuity pf the Union and. the efficiency 6f the . Constitution ahd laws passed in accordance with it,. or to alienate the! affections of the people ef the dif ferent States from each other, is seen with impatience . and . frowned pn with indignation: Indeed, if there were any thing in1 slavery or the interests, connected : with it incompatible with that fandamental .law, I doubt not that ytni pepple wpuld williogly abide by"., that sacred instrument, though it should cut off a right -hand or pluck out a right eye. But there will ', be no' ocdasiob tar a display of our loyalty in that respect, since the Constitution clearly recognizes pot . slavery, sustains the rights pf ownership, and ended', .. . ! 6 ' J . .- . ... i j , the duty, of, service; and 1 am persuaded, tnat tne ob ligation of those provisions and their execution will , be ultimately pronounced and carried out by those on whom the Constitujipn itself confers the authority. , My purpose dpw, however, is merely to4maintain that slavery here is favorable tohe. inter estt o agricul-. ture in point of economy and profit, and not. uh whole- t Some to UM3 morai auutavvu ujuuiiwu vi covu ws In support of the first art of j the preppsitipn, a de . pmi vh. . nrunniruL .lb itnuinucu .uv lug iiUiii uiu u uiu u fapunt and value of the productions of slave labor m this " country exceed those of similar productions, nay, of all other agricultural productions, of an equal -number of men in any other country, as far as they ; can be ascertained. j ' ' ' . In some localities,- indeed, and in respect to some .' articles of great value, theproduction would cease, or nearly cease, with slavery ; since the blacks by the m constitutions inherited from- their African ancestors, . can labor, without detriment, under degrees of heat, moisture, and exposure, which are found to be fatal . to the whites, whose systems are better adapted, to different conditions of the atmosphere. In truth, if t the free men in those States in which slavery prevails be allowed credit for ccmm'pn sense and the capacity , to understand their own wants1 and interests, thetil- . ity of the employment of slave labor and its produc- . tivenessare established beyond controversy ehupl
American Advocate (Kinston, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Nov. 15, 1855, edition 1
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